Abstract: Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of changes in serum levels of Urothelial Carcinoma Antigen 1 (UCA1), Tumor Supply Group of Factors (TSGF), and Urokinase-type Plasminogen Activator Receptor (uPAR) in patients with oral cancer (OC) at different TNM stages, as well as their prognostic significance. Methods A total of 60 OC patients admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University and the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University from January to December 2022 were enrolled as the OC group. Additionally, 60 patients with oral diseases admitted during the same period were enrolled as the control group. Serum levels of UCA1, TSGF, and uPAR were collected from all patients upon admission, and their correlations with OC and different TNM stages of OC were analyzed. Results The levels of UCA1, TSGF, and uPAR were higher in the OC group compared to the control group, and were also higher in patients with stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ OC compared to those with stage Ⅰ-Ⅱ OC (P<0.05). A follow-up of 8 months was conducted on the 60 OC patients, with no loss to follow-up until February 2024. By the end of the follow-up, 56 patients were still alive, while 4 patients had died due to recurrence of the primary tumor. Patients with high expression of UCA1, TSGF, and uPAR had significantly shorter survival times compared to those with low expression (HR=0.01, 0.01, 90.28, respectively; P<0.05). Pearson correlation analysis showed a positive correlation between serum levels of UCA1, TSGF, and uPAR with OC, as well as with stage Ⅰ-Ⅱ and stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ OC (P<0.05). The areas under the curve (AUCs) for the combined diagnosis of OC, stage Ⅰ-Ⅱ OC, and stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ OC using serum UCA1, TSGF, and uPAR were 0.823, 0.777, and 0.777, respectively (P<0.05). Conclusion High expression of serum UCA1, TSGF, and uPAR levels in OC patients is associated with their prognosis. Detection of serum levels of these biomarkers may be beneficial for diagnosing OC and differentiating between different TNM stages.

Key words: TNM stages, Oral cancer, UCA1, TSGF, uPAR

摘要： 目的 探讨不同TNM分期口腔癌（OC）患者血清尿路上皮癌抗原1（UCA1）、肿瘤相关物质群（TSGF）、尿激酶型纤溶酶原激活剂（uPAR）水平变化对疾病以及预后的诊断价值。方法 选取安徽医科大学第一附属医院、安徽医科大学第二附属医院收治的OC患者共60例,纳入时间为2022年1月~12月,设为OC组;纳入同期我院收治的口腔疾病60例患者,设为对照组。所有患者入院后采集血清UCA1、TSGF、uPAR,分析其与OC、不同TNM分期OC的相关性。结果 UCA1、TSGF、uPAR水平对比,OC组高于对照组;Ⅲ-Ⅳ期高于Ⅰ-Ⅱ期组（P<0.05）。对60例患者进行8个月的随访,随访截止至2024年2月份,随访期间无失访人员,至随访结束,60例患者生存,4例患者死亡,均因原发灶复发死亡。UCA1、TSGF、uPAR高表达患者生存时间明显低于低表达患者,（HR=0.01、0.01、90.28,P<0.05）。Pearson相关性分析结果显示,血清UCA1、TSGF、uPAR与OC、Ⅰ-Ⅱ、Ⅲ-Ⅳ期OC呈现正相关（P<0.05）。血清UCA1、TSGF、uPAR联合诊断OC、Ⅰ-Ⅱ期OC、Ⅲ-Ⅳ期OC的AUC分别为：0.823、0.777、0.777（P<0.05）。结论 OC患者血清UCA1、TSGF、uPAR水平高表达与患者预后有关,检测患者血清UCA1、TSGF、uPAR水平可能有利于诊断疾病以及对不同TNM分期的判断。

关键词: TNM分期, 口腔癌, 尿路上皮癌抗原1, 肿瘤相关物质群, 和尿激酶型纤溶酶原激活剂