Objective To explore the expression and biological behavior of Ribonucleotide Reductase Regulatory Subunit M2 (RRM2) in Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma (NSCLC). Methods Gene expression profiles and clinical data of NSCLC patients were extracted from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. The expression of RRM2 gene in normal tissues and NSCLC tissues was analyzed, and survival curves werewere plotted by utilizing the clinical data of the NSCLC patients. Quantitative Real-Time PCR (qPCR) was performed to determine RRM2 expression levels and verify silencing and overexpression efficiency in cell lines. Western Blot was applied to detect the protein expression of the RRM2 gene in cell lines and to validate the efficiency of its silencing and overexpression in cell lines. Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), flow cytometry and Transwell assays were conducted to detect cellproliferation, apoptosis, invasion, and migration abilities. Results RRM2 expression was significantly elevated in Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma (LUSC) and Lung Adenocarcinoma (LUAD) tissues compared to normal controls (P<0.05).The results of the Kaplan-Meier (K-M) curve showed that the overall survival (OS) of patients with high RRM2 expression in lung cancer was significantly lower than that of patients with low expression (P<0.001). The expression level of RRM2 in human bronchial epithelial cells (HBE1) was significantly lower than that in NSCLC cell lines CALU3 and H1299(P<0.05). Compared with the control group and si-NC group, the OD450 values, apoptosis rates and proliferation/migration abilities in the si-RRM2-1 group decreased after 48 and 72 hours of culture (P<0.05). Conversely, the pc-RRM2-2 group exhibited increased OD450 values and proliferation/migration capacities versus control and pc-NC groups (P<0.05). Conclusion RRM2 silencing can inhibit the overexpression efficiency, proliferation, migration and invasion of NSCLC cells. Conversely, RRM2 overexpression can enhance the overexpression efficiency, proliferation activity, migration and invasion ability of NSCLC cells.