Objective To investigate the effect of tropomodulin 1 (Tmod1) overexpression on the migration and invasion of rat vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). Methods Rat vascular smooth muscle cells were cultured and identified by immunofluorescence SM22a staining. Adenovirus encoding Tmod1 was used to infect VSMCs and control adenovirus Ad-null,was used to infect control VSMCs. After 48 hours of culture, the expression of Tmod1 in each group was detected by Western blot to identify the overexpression efficiency. The cell scratch test and Transwell assay can detect the fuction of cell migration. Rt-qpcr was used to detect the expression of matrix metalloproteinase MMP15 after Tmod1 overexpression. Results Overexpression of Tmod1 promoted the migration and invasion of rat vascular smooth muscle cells (P<0.05), and the expression of MMP15 was significantly increased (P<0.05). Conclusion Tmod1 overexpression may promote cell migration and invasion possibly by targeting MMP15 expression.