Objective To analyze the effect and safety of phloroglucinol on the observation of the esophagogastric junction during painless gastroscopy. Method A control group consisting of 135 cases underwent painless gastroscopy, and an observation group consisting of 115 cases(painless gastroscopy plus phloroglucinol) was randomly formed from patients who underwent painless gastroscopy between September 2022 and February 2023 based on the odd-evenness of their registration numbers. The esophagogastric junction observation effect, lesion detection rate, endoscopic features of lesions, pathological outcomes, and intraoperative and postoperative adverse responses of the two patient groups were noted and monitored. Result This portion of the observation group had a greater observation rate of the esophagogastric junction and a higher rate of lesion detection than the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P=0.038, P=0.035). In comparison to the control group, the observation group had a greater detection rate of non-red lesions; this difference is statistically significant (P=0.003). Between the two groups, there was no statistically significant difference in the occurrence of adverse responses or pathological results (P>0.05). The difference was statistically significant (P=0.003). The incidence of adverse responses and abnormal outcomes did not change statistically significantly between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion The esophagogastric junction's observation impact can be enhanced by applying phloroglucinol before the painless gastroscopy, which will increase the likelihood of lesions being discovered. Finding easily overlooked non-red lesions is one of its specific uses. Additionally, it is more secure and has fewer adverse effects.

Objective To investigate the expression and clinicopathological significance of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in gastric cancer tissues. Methods The expressions of NF-κB and EGFR in 106 gastric cancer patients and corresponding normal gastric mucosa tissues were compared and analyzed by immunohistochemical method. The correlation between the expression of NF-κB and EGFR in gastric cancer was analyzed, and investigate its relationship with clinical pathology characteristic. Results The results showed that the positive expression rate of NF-κB protein in gastric cancer was 67.9%, which was significantly higher than that of the corresponding normal gastric mucosa tissue (5.9%, P<0.05). The positive rates of EGFR expression in gastric cancer tissue and normal mucosal tissue were 65.1% and 2.9%, respectively. The expression of EGFR in gastric cancer tissue was significantly higher than that in normal gastric mucosa tissue (P<0.05). The expression of NF-κB in gastric cancer tissue was significantly positively correlated with the expression of EGFR (r=0.202, P=0.034). The high expression of NF-κB and EGFR in gastric cancer tissues is correlated with the depth of tumor invasion, lymph node metastasis, and clinical stage. Conclusion The high expression of NF-κB and EGFR in gastric cancer tissues was associated with cancer progression, and their expression was positively correlated, suggesting synergistic effect of NF-κB and EGFR in the development and progression of gastric cancer.